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| VLA503 Powerex, Inc., 173 Pavilion Lane, Youngwood, Pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 Hybrid IC IGBT Gate Driver A C B K J D L G E F H 1 14 4 DETECT CIRCUIT VCC CONTROL PIN FOR ttrip DETECT PIN 2 1 LATCH TIMER AND RESET CIRCUIT INTERFACE 14 5 VO Description: The VLA503 is a hybrid integrated circuit designed to provide optimum gate drive for IGBT modules. This device provides high current optically isolated gate drive with a large output voltage swing. The driver also provides short circuit protection based on desaturation detection. Features: Electrical Isolation Voltage Between Input and Output with Opto-coupler (2500 Vrms for 1 Minute) Two Supply Driver Topology Built-in Short-Circuit Protection (With a Pin for Fault Output) TTL Compatible Input Interface Application: To drive IGBT modules for inverter or AC servo systems applications Recommended IGBT Modules: 600V module up to 600A 1200V module up to 1400A OPTO COUPLER 180 GATE SHUTDOWN CIRCUIT 8 FAULT OUTPUT 13 6 VEE 3 , 7 , 9 , 10 PIN : NC Outline Drawing and Circuit Diagram Dimensions Inches Millimeters A 2.0 51.0 B 1.02 26.0 C 0.4 10.0 D 0.45 11.5 E 0.12 3.0 F 0.3 7.5 G 0.25 6.5 H 0.10 2.54 J 0.02+0.006/-0.004 0.5+0.15/-0.1 K 0.180.06 4.51.5 L 0.01+0.01/-0.004 0.25+0.2/-0.1 Note: All dimensions listed are maximums except H, J, K, and L. Rev. 2/06 1 Powerex, Inc., 173 Pavilion Lane, Youngwood, Pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 VLA503 Hybrid IC IGBT Gate Driver Absolute Maximum Ratings, Ta = 25C unless otherwise specified Characteristics Supply Voltage, DC Input Signal Voltage (Applied between Pin 13 - 14, 50% Duty Cycle, Pulse Width 1ms) Output Voltage (When the Output Voltage is "H") Output Current (Pulse Width 2s, f 20kHz) Isolation Voltage (Sine Wave Voltage 60Hz, for 1 Minute) Case Temperature Operating Temperature (No Condensation Allowable) Storage Temperature (No Condensation Allowable) Fault Output Current (Applied Pin 8) Input Voltage at Pin 1 (Applied Pin 1) *Differs from H/C condition. Symbol VCC VEE Vi VO IOHP IOLP VISO TC Topr Tstg IFO VR1 VLA503 18 -15 -1 ~ +7 VCC -5 5 2500 85 -20 ~ +60 -25 ~ +100* 20 50 Units Volts Volts Volts Volts Amperes Amperes Vrms C C C mA Volts Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics, Ta = 25C unless otherwise specified, VCC = 15V, VEE = -10V) Characteristics Supply Voltage Pull-up Voltage on Primary Side "H" Input Current Switching Frequency Gate Resistance "H" Input Current "H" Output Voltage "L" Output Voltage "L-H" Propagation Time "L-H" Rise Time "H-L" Propagation Time "H-L" Fall Time Timer Fault Output Current Controlled Time Detect Short-Circuit 1 Controlled Time Detect Short-Circuit 2** SC Detect Voltage Symbol VCC VEE VIN IIH f RG IIH VOH VOL tPLH tr tPHL tf ttimer IFO ttrip1 ttrip2 VSC IIH = 16mA IIH = 16mA IIH = 16mA IIH = 16mA Between Start and Cancel (Under Input Sign "L") Applied 8 Pin, R = 4.7k Pin 1: 15V and More, Pin 2: Open Pin 1: 15V and More, Pins 2-4: 10pF (Connective Capacitance) Collector Voltage of Module 15 -- -- Volts **Length of wiring capacitor controlled time detect short-circuit is within 5cm from Pin 2 and Pin 4 coming and going. Test Conditions Recommended Range Recommended Range Recommended Range Recommended Range Recommended Range Recommended Range VIN = 5V Min. 14 -7 4.75 15.2 -- 2 -- 13 -8 -- -- -- -- 1 -- -- -- Typ. 15 -- 5 16 -- -- 16 14 -9 0.5 0.3 1 0.3 -- 5 2.6 3 Max. -- -10 5.25 19 20 -- -- -- -- 1 1 1.3 1 2 -- -- -- Units Volts Volts Volts mA kHz mA Volts Volts s s s s ms mA s s 2 Rev. 2/06 Powerex, Inc., 173 Pavilion Lane, Youngwood, Pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 VLA503 Hybrid IC IGBT Gate Driver Application Circuit VLA503 +5V B1 14 13 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 + PS2501 + + C1 4.7k + VCC + VEE C2 RG 18V 18V G E E C IGBT MODULE Ctrip 30V 1 D1 CONTROL FAULT Component Selection: Design VCC, VEE RG C1, C2 D1 Ctrip B1 Description +15V/-10V Typical, See data sheet for usable limits Adjust for application requirements. See IGBT module application notes for recommendations and power rating 10F-100F 25V low impedance electrolytic Ultra fast recovery trr<100ns, High voltage Vrrm>Vces(IGBT) 0-200pF adjusts desaturation trip time (ttrip) CMOS Buffer 74HC04 or similar - Must actively pull high to maintain noise immunity Notes: (1) Power supply decoupling capacitors C1 and C2 should be connected as close as possible to the pins of the gate driver and must be sized to have appropriate ESR and ripple current capability for the IGBT being driven. (2) Ctrip should be connected as close as possible to the pins of the gate driver to avoid noise pick-up. (3) All zener diodes 1W, all resistors 0.25W unless otherwise noted. Single Supply Operation VLA503 +5V B1 14 13 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 + PS2501 + + C1 4.7k C2 RG 18V 18V 2.7k VCC 8.2V G E E C IGBT MODULE Ctrip 30V 1 D1 CONTROL FAULT + Rev. 2/06 3 Powerex, Inc., 173 Pavilion Lane, Youngwood, Pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 VLA503 Hybrid IC IGBT Gate Driver PROPAGATION DELAY TIME VS. AMBIENT CHARACTERISTICS (TYPICAL) PROPAGATION DELAY TIME VS. INPUT VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS (TYPICAL) PROPAGATION DELAY TIME VS. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS (TYPICAL) 1.6 PROPAGATION DELAY TIME "L-H", tPLH, (s) PROPAGATION DELAY TIME "H-L", tPHL, (s) 1.6 PROPAGATION DELAY TIME "L-H", tPLH, (s) PROPAGATION DELAY TIME "H-L", tPHL, (s) CONTROLLED TIME SHORT-CIRCUIT DETECT, ttrip1, ttrip2, (s) 6 VCC = 15V VEE = 10V RG= 3.1 Ta = 25C LOAD: CM400DY-24NF 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 VCC = 15V VEE = 10V RG= 3.1 VIN = 5.0V LOAD: CM400DY-24NF tPHL 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 5 4 VCC = 15V VEE = -10V tPHL ttrip2 : Ctrip = 10pF 3 ttrip1 : Ctrip = 0pF tPLH tPLH 2 1 0 20 40 60 80 0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 0 20 40 60 80 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, Ta, (C) INPUT SIGNAL VOLTAGE, Vi, (VOLTS) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, Ta, (C) CONTROLLED TIME SHORT-CIRCUIT DETECT VS. CONNECTIVE CAPACITANCE CHARACTERISTICS (TYPICAL) POWER DISSIPATION VS. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS (MAXIMUM RATING) (TYPICAL) QUIESCENT CURRENT VS. SUPPLY VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS (PIN: 4 - 6) INPUT SIGNAL "L" (TYPICAL) 9 8 CONTROLLED TIME SHORT-CIRCUIT DETECT, ttrip, (s) POWER DISSIPATION, PD, (WATTS) 5 4 3 2 1 0 QUIESCENT CURRENT, ID, (mAMPERES) 25 Ta = 25C 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 VCC = 15V VEE = -10V Ta = 25C 20 15 10 5 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0 20 40 60 80 0 10 20 30 40 CONNECTIVE CAPACITANCE, Ctrip, (pF) (PIN: 2 - 4) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, Ta, (C) SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VCC, (VOLTS) (PIN: 4 - 6) SWITCHING TIME DEFINITIONS VIN (PIN 14 TO 13) tr tf 90% 50% VO (PIN 5 TO 6) 10% tPLH tPHL 4 Rev. 2/06 Powerex, Inc., 173 Pavilion Lane, Youngwood, Pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 VLA503 Hybrid IC IGBT Gate Driver General Description The VLA503 is a hybrid integrated circuit designed to provide gate drive for high power IGBT modules. This circuit has been optimized for use with Powerex NF-Series and A-Series IGBT modules. However, the output characteristics are compatible with most MOS gated power devices. The VLA503 features a compact single-in-line package design. The upright mounting minimizes required printed circuit board space to allow efficient and flexible layout. The VLA503 converts logic level control signals into fully isolated +15V/-8V gate drive with up to 5A of peak drive current. Control signal isolation is provided by an integrated high speed opto-coupler. Short circuit protection is provided by means of destauration detection. Short Circuit Protection Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a typical desaturation detector. In this circuit, a high voltage fast recovery diode (D1) is connected to the IGBT's collector to monitor the collector to emitter voltage. When the IGBT is in the off state, VCE is high and D1 is reverse biased. With D1 off the (+) input of the comparator is pulled up to the positive gate drive power supply (V+) which is normally +15V. When the IGBT turns on, the comparators (+) input is pulled down by D1 to the IGBT's VCE(sat). The (-) input of the comparator is supplied with a fixed voltage (VTRIP). During a normal on-state condition the comparator's (+) input will be less than VTRIP and it's output will be low. During a normal off-state condition the comparator's (+) input will be larger than VTRIP V+ D1 + and it's output will be high. If the IGBT turns on into a short circuit, the high current will cause the IGBT's collector-emitter voltage to rise above VTRIP even though the gate of the IGBT is being driven on. This abnormal presence of high VCE when the IGBT is supposed to be on is often called desaturation. Desaturation can be detected by a logical AND of the driver's input signal and the comparator output. When the output of the AND goes high a short circuit is indicated. The output of the AND can be used to command the IGBT to shut down in order to protect it from the short circuit. A delay (tTRIP) must be provided after the comparator output to allow for the normal turn on time of the IGBT. The tTRIP delay is set so that the IGBTs VCE has enough time to fall below VTRIP during normal turn on switching. If tTRIP is set too short, erroneous desaturation detection will occur. The maximum allowable tTRIP delay is limited by the IGBT's short circuit withstanding capability. In typical applications using Powerex IGBT modules the recommended limit is 10s. Operation of the VLA503 Desaturation Detector The Powerex VLA503 incorporates short circuit protection using desaturation detection as described above. A flow chart for the logical operation of the short-circuit protection is shown in Figure 2. When a desaturation is detected the hybrid gate driver performs a soft shut down of the IGBT and starts a timed (ttimer) 1.5ms lock out. The soft turn-off helps to limit the transient voltage that may be generated while interrupting the large short circuit current flowing in the IGBT. During the lock out the driver pulls Pin 8 low to indicate the fault status. Normal operation of the driver will resume after the lock-out time has expired and the control input signal returns to its off state. Adjustment of Trip Time The VLA503 has a default short-circuit detection time delay (tTRIP) of approximately 2.5s. This will prevent erroneous detection of short-circuit conditions as long as the series gate resistance (RG) is near the minimum recommended value for the module being used. The 2.5s delay is appropriate for most applications so adjustment will not be necessary. However, in some low frequency applications it may be desirable to use a larger series gate resistor to slow the switching of the IGBT, reduce noise, and limit turn-off transient voltages. When RG is increased, the switching delay time of the IGBT will also increase. If the delay becomes DELAY ttrip COMPARE Vtrip C SHUTDOWN AND RG G E IGBT MODULE INPUT GATE DRIVE E Figure 1. Desaturation Detector Rev. 2/06 5 Powerex, Inc., 173 Pavilion Lane, Youngwood, Pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 VLA503 Hybrid IC IGBT Gate Driver START IS VCE > VSC NO YES IS INPUT SIGNAL ON NO long enough so that the voltage on the detect Pin 1 is greater than VSC at the end of the tTRIP delay the driver will erroneously indicate that a short circuit has occurred. To avoid this condition the VLA503 has provisions for extending the tTRIP delay by connecting a capacitor (CTRIP) between Pin 2 and VCC (Pins 4). The effect of adding CTRIP on trip time is shown in Figure 3. If tTRIP is extended care must be exercised not to exceed the short-circuit withstanding capability of the IGBT module. Normally this will be satisfied for Powerex NF and A-Series IGBT modules as long as the total shut-down time does not exceed 10s. YES DELAY ttrip FAULT SIGNAL (PIN 28) YES IS VCE > VSC ttrip 10V ttimer 10V NO YES -5V VO (PIN 23) SLOW SHUTDOWN DISABLE OUTPUT SET FAULT SIGNAL WAIT ttimer Figure 3. Adjustment of ttrip YES IS INPUT SIGNAL OFF NO YES CLEAR FAULT SIGNAL ENABLE OUTPUT Figure 2. VLA503-01 Desaturation Detector 6 Rev. 2/06 |
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